Dept. of Automation Engineering, NFU

Safety and Health Protection Equipment in Internship (Practical) Sites
Due to the differing nature of each site, various safety and health protection equipment must be installed. A summary is provided below:

• General protective equipment
  • Emergency exits: Ensure they can be opened.
  • Adequate lighting: Maintain good lighting with emergency lights available.
  • Spill control devices: Install emergency showers and eyewash stations.
  • Emergency communication system: Provide external telephone access and post emergency numbers for fire brigade and health services.
  • Smoke and toxic gas detectors: Detect leaks of toxic or explosive substances.
  • Medical first-aid equipment: Set up first-aid kits or emergency medical devices.
  • Firefighting equipment: Fire extinguishers should be placed in visible and easily accessible locations.
  • Waste disposal equipment: Provide waste collection bins or containers.
  • Control of personnel access: Implement a user sign-in system and post signs to restrict non-relevant personnel.
  • Pressure vessel management: Secure gas cylinders and regularly inspect pressure and leaks for hazardous gases.
  • Electrical safety: Ground electrical equipment to prevent electric shocks.
• Personal protective equipment
  • Body protection: Wear lab coats or appropriate clothing to avoid interference with work.
  • Face protection: Wear safety shields or face masks when there is a risk of splashes.
  • Eye protection: Wear safety goggles or glasses when working with toxic or eye-irritating substances.
  • Hand protection: Use protective gloves, including acid- and alkali-resistant gloves, to prevent injuries.
  • Other protective gear: As needed, provide safety belts, lifelines, or other emergency escape equipment.

Instruments and equipment in internship (practical) sites should undergo regular self-inspections according to established procedures, with detailed records kept. Main items include:

• Inspection Date
• Inspection Items and Methods
• Inspection Results
• Corrective Actions Taken Based on Inspection Results
• Signatures of Inspectors, Supervising Teachers, and Supervisors

General Safety and Health Rules

1. Running, horseplay, or engaging in activities unrelated to the internship (practical) work is prohibited in the site.
2. All main passages and exits must not be blocked by bottles, boxes, pipelines, or other objects at any time.
3. Maintain proper lighting and cleanliness in the site.
4. Food must not be stored together with reagents in ordinary refrigerators or cold storage.
5. All chemical containers and gas cylinders must be labeled with the name and production date.
6. Wear appropriate attire during practical work, including closed-toe shoes; sandals, slippers, or shorts are not allowed.
7. When there is a risk of splashes or sprays, wear safety goggles; when handling powders, wear a dust mask.
8. Read operation manuals carefully before using equipment or instruments, follow proper procedures, and turn off all switches after use.
9. Be aware of the locations of fire extinguishers and first-aid kits and know how to use them.
10. Check water, electricity, gas, and other utilities after completion of work. Turn off equipment that does not need to remain on for safety.
11. Smoking is strictly prohibited in the site.
12. Students must be supervised when operating equipment.
13. Proper methods for moving chemicals or equipment should be taught; do not carry items with one hand only.
14. Hazardous or harmful substances must be listed in a hazard inventory according to general hazard rules, including: item name, alternative names, MSDS code, manufacturer/supplier name, address and contact, usage and storage information. Safety data sheets containing safety and health precautions must be readily available in the workplace.

Professional Safety and Health Rules

• Electrical Equipment Safety and Health Rules
  1. All instruments and electrical equipment must be grounded.
  2. Do not operate electrical equipment with wet hands.
  3. Strengthen inspections and maintenance of electrical equipment; power must be turned off before maintenance.
  4. Do not overload electrical circuits.
  5. In case of electrical fire or major malfunction, cut off the power before handling.
  6. Temporary wiring must avoid using damaged or deteriorated insulation.
  7. Do not use industrial electrical devices of unknown or unspecified specifications.
  8. Use non-conductive fire extinguishers if electrical equipment or circuits catch fire.
  9. Do not approach electrical equipment, wiring, or lightning rods during intense thunderstorms.
  10. Repair leaks immediately if rainwater enters electrical areas.
• High-Pressure Gas Cylinder Safety Rules
  1. Cylinders must be labeled with the type of gas to prevent misuse.
  2. Cylinders must indicate the safe usage date.
  3. The cylinder exterior color must not be altered or removed.
  4. Cylinders must be secured and stored in a cool place, away from direct sunlight.
  5. After cylinder replacement, check the container openings and pipeline connections for leaks.
  6. Manage cylinders properly; report and address any deformation or leakage immediately.
  7. Smoking is strictly prohibited near gas cylinders.
• Organic Solvent Safety Rules
  1. Containers of organic solvents must be tightly sealed at all times.
  2. Ventilation systems must remain operational during work.
  3. Wear protective gloves to prevent skin contact with solvents.
  4. Store solvents in designated locked areas, label types, and minimize quantities.
  5. Waste solvents must be disposed of in designated containers.
  6. Local exhaust systems must be self-inspected at least twice annually; inspections are also required when starting use, dismantling, modifying, or repairing equipment.
  7. Post warnings regarding solvent toxicity, handling precautions, and emergency measures.
  8. In case of acute poisoning or unconsciousness, move the person to a ventilated area, provide first aid, and report the emergency immediately.
• Welding Workshop Safety Rules
  1. Ensure no flammable or volatile substances are nearby.
  2. The workspace must be well ventilated and have protection from intense light.
  3. Wear protective clothing, goggles, gloves, and insulated shoes during welding.
  4. Do not handle electrodes with bare hands during welding.
  5. Ensure proper grounding during welding operations.
  6. Do not weld in wet or conductive environments.
  7. Check hoses and connections for leaks or aging before gas welding.
  8. Keep welding nozzles clean and ensure oxygen and acetylene supply.
  9. Do not point the torch towards people or hazardous objects.
• Dust Work Safety Rules
  1. Wear dust masks during work.
  2. Keep masks clean to maintain performance.
  3. No eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.
  4. Local exhaust or general ventilation systems must remain operational during work.

• Special Chemical Substances Safety and Health Rules
  1. Unauthorized personnel are strictly prohibited from entering areas where specific chemicals are handled or manufactured.
  2. Valves or plugs should be turned according to the indicated direction; disassembly without responsible personnel’s permission is forbidden.
  3. Covers, flange valves, and plug connections should be inspected daily by the chemical substance manager to prevent potential hazards.
  4. If operators detect abnormal reactions, the work area and equipment must be isolated or sealed, other personnel evacuated, emergency procedures implemented as trained, equipment shut down, and maintenance personnel notified.
  5. Operators must wear the prescribed protective equipment during operations.
  6. Adjustments of safety valves and devices must be performed by responsible personnel following operating instructions; others must not interfere.
  7. Cooling devices must operate according to specified instructions; reaction time and cooling temperature must not be arbitrarily altered.
  8. Whenever possible, substitute highly toxic substances with less toxic ones.
  9. Smoking and eating are strictly prohibited in the workplace.
• Toxic Gas Safety and Health Rules
  1. Unauthorized personnel must not enter toxic gas areas without permission.
  2. No individual should work alone with toxic gases; at least two people must be present.
  3. Post bilingual signs indicating "Toxic Chemical Work Area," warning signs, and standard operating procedures.
  4. Install leak detectors, alarms, gas cylinder cabinets, supplied-air respirators, and fire extinguishers in toxic gas areas.
  5. Toxic gas cylinders must be stored in gas cylinder cabinets with exhaust directed outdoors; disposal must follow proper procedures.
  6. Personnel must thoroughly study Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) to understand toxic gas properties and emergency measures, and conduct regular emergency drills.
  7. Smoking and eating are strictly prohibited in toxic gas areas.
  8. Daily safety and health inspections must be conducted, recorded, and deficiencies corrected promptly.
  9. Provide MSDS containing safety and health precautions, and update them as necessary.
• Power Transmission Device Safety and Health Rules
  1. Rotating parts must be fully enclosed with safety guards.
  2. Check that all bolts are tightened before operation.
  3. Belt buckles must be inspected regularly.
  4. In case of power outage, immediately turn off the nearest switch and set the belt to neutral.
  5. Only designated personnel may mount or remove belts from the main shaft.
  6. Do not hold or rub the belt by hand when stopping it.
• Lathe Operation Safety and Health Rules
  1. Mounting or removing fixtures or faceplates should be done by hand, not using power.
  2. Change gears only after the lathe has stopped; do not hold the gear rim.
  3. Clean the center hole before oiling.
  4. Wear safety goggles when there is a risk of flying chips.
  5. Use warning signs when machining long workpieces.
  6. No tools should be placed on the machine.
  7. Do not touch the workpiece to avoid injury.
  8. Do not manually stop the chuck or pulley.
  9. Remove the chuck tightening handle before starting the lathe.
  10. Keep chuck wrenches off the chuck; place them in designated locations.
• Planer Operation Safety and Health Rules
  1. Do not wash hands in the oil of the moving track while the machine is running to avoid arm injuries from slipping.
  2. Post warning signs prohibiting passage along the stroke path during operation.
  3. Check belt-driven mechanisms thoroughly.
  4. Pay attention to fixed clamps and belt handles to prevent injury.
• Milling Machine Safety and Health Rules
  1. Ensure the cutter is properly centered when installing.
  2. Only operators fully trained on the machine may use it.
  3. Remove the milling cutter handle before starting the machine.
• Punching Machine Safety and Health Rules
  1. Check the performance of safety devices; contact responsible personnel for repair if any issues arise.
  2. Change dies only after the machine has stopped.
  3. Recheck dies after installation.
  4. Do not place hands in the die area while the machine is running.
  5. Release the foot pedal completely after each operation.
  6. Use hold-downs when shearing metal sheets with a shear.
  7. Ensure the die pressure center is aligned with the punch press axis.
  8. Tighten screws when installing dies and check during operation.
  9. When removing oxide from heated materials using cold air, ensure no one is standing in front.
• Forging Operation Safety and Health Rules
  1. Wear work clothes, safety helmets, and dust-proof goggles.
  2. Check the hammer handle for secure attachment before use.
  3. Brush off oxides from heated materials before forging.
  4. Place materials flat on the anvil.
  5. Use shields when cutting metal materials.
  6. Do not forge slender materials on thin plates.
  7. Do not leave hot materials lying around.
  8. Handle fire carefully.
• Aircraft-Related Workshop Safety and Health Rules
  • Workshop
    1. Mark walkways and work areas with color-coded indicators as required.
    2. Ensure good ventilation and adequate lighting for workers’ health.
    3. No storage of prohibited items; hazardous materials such as gas, welding torches, chemicals, dust, or radioactive materials must be properly secured with warning labels and precautionary measures.
    4. Address any safety and health concerns immediately through maintenance or replacement to meet safety standards.
    5. Clean slippery surfaces (e.g., oil spills) with sawdust or similar materials to prevent accidents.
    6. Store oil cloths in metal containers; place waste in designated areas.
    7. Materials and equipment must not block pathways or safety lines.
    8. Provide fire extinguishers and first-aid kits for emergencies.
• Personnel
  1. Wear properly fitting work clothes; avoid loose clothing that may get caught in rotating machinery or workpieces.
  2. Hair should be short or covered with a hat; ties should be secured with a tie clip or tucked into the shirt.
  3. Do not wear gloves while operating any machinery, as they can easily be caught by rotating parts.
  4. When filling oxygen, clean hands and tools of any oil to prevent accidents.
  5. Notify other personnel and hang warning signs when performing subsystem maintenance to avoid accidental interference.
  6. When operating landing gear, responsible personnel should ensure the safety of nearby people.
  7. Report even minor cuts or scratches to instructors or supervisors and seek treatment.
  8. Do not lean on machinery while working, whether for yourself or others.
  9. Do not wear rings when operating any machine.
  10. Wear safety goggles when engaging the engine starter.
  11. Do not stand under the engine when lifting or moving it.
  12. Follow instructors’ guidance to develop proper and safe working habits.
• Tools and Machinery
  1. Do not operate machines unless authorized by a teacher or under supervision.
  2. Read the operation manual and safety instructions before use.
  3. Check the machine for proper function or any abnormalities before operation.
  4. Turn off and unplug machines before oiling, cleaning, adjusting speed, or repair.
  5. Do not leave the workstation while machines are running.
  6. Do not stand within the operating range of machines.
  7. Clean and lubricate all tools and instruments to prevent rust.
  8. Do not attempt to stop moving parts or workpieces by hand.
  9. Check that workpieces or tools are properly secured before starting the machine.
  10. When multiple people are at the same machine, only one person may operate it; others must not touch controls.
  11. Lubricate machines according to the scheduled maintenance cycle and use appropriate lubricants.
  12. If a machine malfunctions or has electrical leakage, turn off the power immediately and inform the teacher for repair.
• General Maintenance
  1. Clean and lubricate tools and instruments after use to prevent rust.
  2. Tighten aircraft bolts according to maintenance manual specifications.
  3. Protect aircraft fuselage and wings; do not place tools or workpieces on them.
  4. Aircraft must be on the ground when performing maintenance.
  5. When using a jack, ensure the aircraft remains level during lifting.
  6. Follow the maintenance manual and parts catalog when disassembling, cleaning, inspecting, and reassembling components.
  7. Protect machine beds or tracks; do not place tools or workpieces on them.
• Computer Lab Safety Rules
  1. Check that power supply meets requirements, plugs and sockets are secure, and cables or devices are not damaged or wet to prevent electrical hazards.
  2. Ensure proper placement and stability of computers and peripherals.
  3. Do not disassemble computers or peripheral devices.
  4. No food or drinks are allowed in the computer lab.
  5. Regularly clean dust and fingerprints from screens and protective devices.
  6. If any abnormal odor, smoke, or malfunction occurs, turn off the power immediately and report for maintenance.
• Laboratory Pollution Prevention Rules
  Waste liquids and materials in the laboratory must be properly classified, labeled, and sent to the school’s designated disposal unit for handling.